(23) True Christian Religion is Not Patriarchal Monotheism

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Chapter 6. Page 82 © 2006 Copyrights Author Kalki Gaur, “Da Vinci Code as Clash of Religion.”

(1) Homo Religious- Religionswissenschaft

The history of the mankind has shown pervasive influences of religion, and thus the study of the “True Science of Religion” or to identify the “True Religion” or “Real Truth” or “True Absolute God” involving the attempt to study religion’s origins and its myriads forms, has become increasingly important in modern times. Beyond the historical basis of religion lies the task of seeing the entirety of human religious experience from a unified or systematic point of view. The student of religion attempts to understand the structure, nature and dynamics of religious experience as well as the variety of beliefs and practices of homo-religious the religious-man.

(2) Role of Junior Gods in Religions

One, the gods play a very subsidiary role, in most phases of Theravada Buddhism or Hinayana Buddhism of Sri Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar-Burma. The gods play more important role in most phases of Mahayana Buddhism of China, Korea, Japan and Vietnam. The gods play very important role in Vedic Hinduism and deity worshipping Hinduism. The gods play a very subsidiary role in Hindu Upanishads, Yoga Tantra. Second, the belief in the lordship of Christ in the early Christian Church has to be seen in the context of the belief in the Creator and of the sacramental life of the Christian community. Some ideologies, such as Marxism, Maoism and Fascism have analogies to religion. German-American theologian Paul Tillich (1886-1965) defined religion in terms of man’s ultimate concern, would count Marxism, Maoism and Fascism as proper study of religion. Tillich incidentally calls them “quasi-religions.”

(3) Early Greco-Roman attempts to Study Older Greek Roman Religion

Greek poet Hesiod (flourished c. 500 BC) in “Theogony” put together the genealogies of the gods. The rise of speculative philosophy among the Ionian philosophers (e.g. Thales, Heracleitus and Anaximander) led to more critical and rationalistic treatment of gods. Thus Thales (6^th century BC) and Heracleitus (flourished c. 500 BC) considered water and fire respectively, to be the first substance, out of which everything else is made. Aristotle reported in 4^th century BC that Thales believed that everything was filled with the gods. Anaximander (6^th century BC) called the primary substance the infinite (apei-ron). In these various schemes of religious beliefs, there is a unitary something that transcends the many clashing forces in the world, transcending even the gods. Heralcleitus refers to the controlling principle as Logos or reason. Xenophanes (6^th-5^th century BC) directly assailed the traditional mythology as immoral, out of his concern to express a monotheistic religion. Poet Theagenes (6^th century BC) allegorized the gods, treating gods as standing for natural and psychological forces. Herodotus (5^th century BC) identified foreign deities with Greek deities, identified Egyptian god Amon with Greek god Zeus. This kind of syncretism was widely employed in the merging of Greek and Roman culture in the Roman Empire and identified Greek god Zeus as Roman god Jupiter. Sophist Protagoras (c. 481-411 BC) was driven away from Athens because of his questioning the existence of the Greek gods. Plato was strongly critical of older poet’s (e.g. Homer’s) account of the gods. Plato substituted a form of belief in a single creator, the Demiurge or supreme craftsman. Aristotle advocated in conception of a supreme intelligence that is the unmoved mover. Aristotle combined in his account of the genesis of gods coming from the observation of cosmic order, stellar beauty and from dreams. The Stoics opted for a form of naturalistic monotheism. Euhemerism by Euhemerus (c. 330 BC -c.260 BC) argued that gods are divinized men. Greeks made man Heracles into god Heracles. Much of the skepticism about gods in the ancient world was concerned with the older traditional religions of Greeks and Romans.

(4) Hylozoistic Pantheism of Thales Anaximander & Anaximenes

The first philosophers of Greece, all of whom were 6^th-century-BC Ionians, and their pantheism was related almost exclusively to philosophic speculation, were hylozoistic, finding matter and life inseparable. Thales identified water as the elements of reality. Anaximander identified as the element of reality boundless infinite. Anaximenes identified air as the element of reality. These elements of reality were presumed to have the motive force of living things and to be a kind of life, a position now known as Hylozoistic Pantheism.

(5) Eleaticism of Xenophanes & Parmenides

Xenophanes, the rhapsodist moved from the gods and goddesses of Homer and Hesiod to a unitary principle of the divine. Xenophanes believed that God is the supreme power of the universe, ruling all things by the power of his mind. Unmoved, unmoving and unitary, God perceives governs and apparently contains and embraces all things in the universe. Xenophanes provides an instance of monistic pantheism, as in this view the Absolute God is united with a changing world, while the reality of neither is attenuated. This paradox encouraged Parmenides to accept the changeless Absolute, eliminating change and motion from the world. Reality for Parmenides became a unitary indivisible everlasting motionless whole. This position is basically that of absolutist monistic pantheism in that it views the world as real but changeless. Insofar as the change and variety of the world are only apparent, Parmenides also approaches Acosmic Pantheism.

(6) Heracleitus - Anaxagoras

Heracleitus stressed the role of change as the basic reality. Gautam Buddha had also stressed the role of change as the basic reality. Fire, the basic element of Heracleitus, is also the universal Logos or reason controlling all things, and fire not only has a life of its own but exercises control to the boundaries of the universe as well. Everything is either on the way from or to fire, this basic element fire is actually or incipiently everywhere. Since the divine works here from within the universe, indeed from within a single but basic aspect of it through fire, the Heracleitus system is an instance of Immanentistic Pantheism. Anaxagoras held Nous (or Mind) to be the principle of order for all things as well as the principle of their movement. Nous (Mind) is finest and purest of things and is diffused throughout the universe. Anaxagoras system is also Immanentistic Pantheism.

(7) Plato’s Dualism - Aristotle

Plato recognized an absolute and eternal God, existing in changeless perfection in relation to the world of forms, along with a World Soul, which contained and animated the world and was as divine as a changing thing could be. Although the material can be variously interpreted, Panentheists hold that Plato adopted a dual principle of the divine, uniting both being and becoming, absoluteness and relativity, permanence and change in a single context. To be sure, Plato envisioned the categories of absoluteness as situated in one deity and those of relativity in another; but the separation seems not to have pleased Plato. Plato invoked the analogy of a circular motion, which combines the change with the retention of the fixed center, Plato explained how God could exemplify both absoluteness and change. Plato may be viewed as Quasi-Panentheist. Aristotle with his exclusivist transcendent God, exemplifying only the categories of absoluteness anticipated the absolute God of Classical Theism, existing above and beyond the world.

(8) Stoicism

Stoics accepted the decision of Heracleitus that an indwelling fire is the principal element entering into all transformations and is also the principal of reason, the Logos, ordering as well as animating all things. Stoics believed that there is a World Soul, which is diffused throughout the world and penetrates it in every part. The Stoic World-Soul is more like the Nous (Mind) of the Anaxagoras. The Stoics were Materialists, and their diffuse World Soul is thus, and extended form of subtle matter. That everything is determined by the universal reason is an unvarying theme in Stoicism. Stoic pantheism despite its Immanentism, stresses the categories of absoluteness rather than those of relativity in the relations holding between God and the world. Catholic Scholasticism with its doctrine of a separate and absolute God was the sterile achievement of the decadent Medieval thought that stifled Medieval philosophy to its core.

(9) Plotinus

Plotinus system consists of the One – the absolute God who is the supreme power of the system- the intermediate Nous (Mind) and the World Soul with the world as its internal content. Plotinus World-Soul follows the Platonic model. Plotinus system really blends pantheism with Classical Theism, since the categories of absoluteness apply to the One, and the relativistic categories apply to the World Soul. The Doctrine of Emanation, whereby the power of One God comes into the World, bridges the gap between absoluteness and relativity. For Plotinus as for Classical Theism, there is immanent in man an image of the divine, which serves to relate man to God, just as divine spark serves to relate man to God in Stoic pantheism. Plotinus is a system of emanationistic pantheism or Neoplatonic pantheism.

(10) Hegelian dialectic in Philosophy of Religion

Philosopher Immanuel Kant’s criticized traditional Christian natural theology and appeared to rob religion of its basis in reason and to make religion an adjunct to morality. German philosopher Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768-1834) in “On Religion: Speeches to its Cultured Despisers” attempted to carve out a separate territory for religious experience. Philosopher G.W.F. Hegel argued, religion arises as the relation between man and the Absolute (the spiritual reality that undergirds and includes the whole universe), in which the truth is expressed symbolically and so conveyed personally and emotionally to the individual. As the same truth is known at a higher abstract level in philosophy, the philosopher is better qualified than the priest to interpret the Scripture as well the concept of God. The Hegelian account of religion was worked out in the context of the dialectical view of history, according to which opposites united in a synthesis, which in turn produced its opposite, and so on. Hegel was the philosophical father of the Christian Reformation. In Hegelian dialectics: Jesus as thesis, Paul as antithesis, and early Christianity as the synthesis, the latter becoming a new thesis that would elicit a new antithesis, Protestantism. Clash Inside Religions is a clash of prophetic religion versus mystical religion. John Oman (1860-1939) argued that prophetic religions had a higher conception of the supernatural than the mystical religion. Hegel and Kant believed that mystical religions have a higher conception of the supernatural than the prophetic religions. Idealist G.W.F. Hegel held that the Absolute Spirit fulfills itself, or realizes itself, in the history of the world.

(11) Religion in Essence and Manifestation

Phenomenologist G. van der Leeuw cauterized material of religious life under following headings: (1) the object of religion, or that which evokes the religious response; (2) three subject of religion, the sacred man, the sacred community and the sacred within man or the soul; (3) object and subject in their reciprocal operation both as regards outward reaction and inward action; (4) the world, ways to the world and goals of the world; and (5) forms, which must take into account religions and its founders of religions. He classified religions according to 12 forms: (1) Religion of strain and form such a forms of religion in ancient Greece; (2) Religion of Infinity and Asceticism as Indian religions; (3) Religion of Nothingness and Compassion as Buddhism; (4) Religion of Will and of Obedience as Judaism; (5) Religion of Majesty and Humility as Islam; (6) Religion of Love as Christianity; (7) Religions of remoteness and flight as that of ancient China and 18^th-century deism; (8) Religion of Struggle as Zoroastrianism; (9) Religion of Mysticism; (10) Religion of Theism;  (11) Religion of Syncretism and Missions; and (12) Religion of Revivals and Reformations.

(12) The Sun Gods

Pharaoh Akhenaton’s solar monotheism (circa 1350 BC). The solar religion and a divine kingdom that was determined by sun, was promoted by the state, concerned with the sun god Re (Atum-Re, Amon-Re, Chum-Re), the sun falcon Horus, the scarab Chepre. The Egyptian sun religion reached by way of Meroe ( a sun god sanctuary until the 6^th Century AD), the Upper Nile. In Ethiopia sun god worshipped as Hego religion in Kefa and the sun kings in Limmu and Jukun in Nigeria. The sun religion culminated in the religion of Mithra of Persian and Roman Empire. God Mithra was transported by Roman legionnaires to West Europe and became the Unconquerable Sun of the Roman military emperors. In Japan, the Imperial deity in state Shinto religion is Amaterasu, the sun goddess. In Indonesia, the sun god replaced the deity of heaven as a partner of the earth. In Peru, the reigning deity is Inti the sun incarnate as the oldest son of the Creator god. The Sun was worshipped as the highest deity as Helios in Greece, Sol in Rome, Mithra in Persia, Surya Savitr Mitra in Hinduism, Utu in Sumer, Shamash in Babylon. Sun as the female goddess worshipped as Amaterasu in Japan, Shams in Arabia, Shaph of ancient Ugarit, Arinna of Hitttites, female sun goddess of Germans, and Taimyr Samoyed of Siberia.

(13) Religion of Egyptian Pharaohs

Before Ist dynasty (circa 3100 BC-2890 BC) god Horus (sky god) was the presiding deity of Egypt. During Ist dynasty under the priesthood of Heliopolis, sun god Re was identified with god Atum. When Memphis became an imperial city, Re-Atum was brought into relationship with its god Ptah (the creator, Pitah is a Hindi term for Father) and subsequently with god Osiris (Asura) a fertility god who was also regarded as a god of the dead. God Osiris (Asura) was equated with the life-giving waters of the Nile. With the advent of Persian sovereignty in Mesopotamia, in the religion founded by Zoroaster (circa 7^th century BC) the ultimate ground of the universe was reduced to a single supreme deity, Ahura Mazda (Asura Maha) and Magi priests led Zoroastrian religion.

(14) Levite-Aaronite Priestly Revolution of Moses

After Christianity became the legal religion of the Roman Empire after AD 313, it borrowed from Jews the concept of an organized priesthood, because Jews had hijacked the leadership of the Early Christian Church after Jews had murdered leading Apostles and leaders of the Early Christian Church. The Jewish priesthood had been centralized in the Temple at Jerusalem since the 10^th century BC, for over 1000 years, before the Temple at Jerusalem destroyed by Romans in AD 70, just 8 years after Chief Rabbi of Jews in Jerusalem had stoned to death Apostle James the Just the brother of Jesus of Nazareth and his entire congregation in Jerusalem in 62 AD. After the 7^th century BC, when worship was concentrated in Jerusalem, the capital of Judaism, the Jewish priesthood was restricted to the Levitical House of Aaron, the brother of Prophet Moses, the 13^th –century-BC lawgiver. Before 7^th century BC, the Jewish priesthood was drawn from other lines of descent, such as those of David, Nathan, Micah and Abinadab, the royal prophetic and priestly families. Levites were not earlier members of the sacerdotal tribes and it was a coup-de-etat by the Levites in 7^th Century BC. It was not until after the Exile of Jews to Babylon in 586 BC, when the priestly code was drawn up, that the distinction between priests and Levites became absolute. The priesthood after 586 BC was confined exclusively to those claiming succession from Aaron, in spite of Zadokites (Sadducees) claming priestly descent from Eleazar as an everlasting covenant. The oracle given by the Jewish priests as the inspired word of the Law, called the Torah. After the fall of Jerusalem in AD 72, gave a new emphasis to an interpretation of the Torah. The privileges of Aaron-Levites are questioned by rabbinical authorities, the non-priestly Torah scholars and religious leaders, Zadokites (Sadducees) and Pharisees. The Sadducees (Zadokites) exercised considerable influence in the Jewish Sanhedrin (supreme Rabbinic court). Sadducees were the conservative class of the Jewish religious aristocracy, favored accommodation to Greek culture. Sadducees maintained the importance of the letter of the

Written Law over against the oral tradition of the rival Pharisees.

4(8) Patriarchal Iconoclast Monotheism God Yahweh

(15) Jewish Priestly Revolution in Christianity

The Jewish leaders of the Early Christian Church led by Sadducees converted to Christianity engineered the coup in the 325 Council ordered by Emperor Constantine to monopolize over Christian clergy positions to the detriment of gentile Clergy, women clergy and Pharisees clergy to replicate the coup Levites of Aaron descent accomplished in the 7^th Century BC, around 1000 years ago. Zadokites (Sadducees) conspired with Emperor Constantine and imposed Old Testament and imposed Jewish concept of organized priesthood on the lines of Roman Empire to impose by sword the written word of Old Testament over Christian laity even when it opposed the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth and 12 Apostles and other leaders of Christianity. Jews took over the leadership of Christian Church after 325 AD and used sword to maintain the Jewish leadership of the Christian Clergy and to impose the word of Jewish Old Testament over Christianity to profit by Jewish control over the property of Orthodox Church and Catholic Church. The Jewish leadership of Orthodox and Catholic church conspired with the Damascus Jews and Jewish leadership of the Mecca’s Islam to impose Islam over the Gnostic Christian Syria, Egypt, Lebanon, Libya, Algeria and Tunisia to profit Damascus Jews by the loot of the property of Gnostic Christian Egypt and Christian Mediterranean Africa in 7^th Century.

(16) Desert Fathers of Christianity

The first Christian hermits of the Egyptian desert (circa AD 250-500) Anthony of Egypt, Paul of Thebes, Pachomius of the Thebaid and others were referred to as the “Desert Fathers,” and they presaged later monistic institutions and were the inceptors of cenobitism, literally lying, that is eating, sleeping and living together. The early hermits, mostly native Egyptian Coptic and Gnostic peasants were inspired by the example of famous recluses and these recluses had borrowed Hindu traditions of Sants that abandon material possessions.

(17) Ancient Greek & Roman Religions

By the time of the establishment of the Roman Empire, Zeus became Jupiter and Aphrodite became Venus. Influential in the Greece were mystery religions, such as those of Isis, Cybele, Mithra and Demeter, which catered more to the personal concerns with salvation than did the official and civic religions. Up to emperor Julian in mid-4^th century pagan Hindu gods dominated Roman Empire.

(18) Didache – Teachings of the Twelve Apostles- Eucratites

Early Judaism and Early Christianity believed in the religious dualism not in monotheism. Dualistic doctrine also found in the Didache, a Jewish-Christian work of the early 2^nd century AD better known as the “Teachings of the Twelve Apostles”. It stated, that of the two roads on which a man may walk, the Good Road and the Bad Road, the Road of Life and that of Road of Death, with the God leaving the choice of road to man’s free will. Early Judaism and Early Christianity accepted Hindu conception that man is free to choose either the path of eternal life or path of death. Those that choose Road of Death transmigrate life after death in the material world and can never become immortal or overcome the unending cycle of life and death. The Jewish rabbinic concept of struggle between good and evil inclinations (Yetzer) within a man, borrowed from Hindu concept of three modes of material nature.

(19) Eucratites- Docetism

The 2^ND-Century Judaizing sect of Eucratites believed in dualism and influenced many tendencies in later Judaism.

Jewish Hellenistic philosopher Philo of Alexandria (1^st Century AD) was dualistic in its doctrine about the universe and man and had implicitly rejected biblical monotheism. Docetism in 2^nd Century believed in the doctrine that Jesus Christ being divine did not suffer and die. Docetism doctrine held that matter is essentially evil and that the soul is a pre-existent substance.

(20) Marcion – Saturninus- Manichaeism

For Marcion, the god Yahweh of Old Testament is an inferior harsh creator demiurge, Yahweh is author of the world and man. Yahweh is nonetheless completely distinct from the supreme divinity. For Saturninus (or Satornil) of Antioch, the founder of 2^nd-Century Syrian Gnostic group connected with Simon Magus argued that Yahweh the god of the Old Testament is only one of the Angels one of the junior demigods, the martial angel demigod of the Judaic nation. Satornil Doctrine believed that a primordial accident caused a wave of Pneuma (Spirit) to land in the inferior darkness, where it is said to have remained prisoner and now continues its existence in those who, characterized by the presence in them of this superior element, will later be conducted back to their heavenly origin by a messenger coming from above, such as Jesus or Mani or Krisnna or Zoroaster. “The Song of the Pearl” in the Gnostic Acts of Thomas, and “Psalm of the Naassenes Ophite” there occurs a concept of a “Savior or Messenger to be saved from prison of darkness.” This basic con cept was fully developed only in Manichaeism. The Gnostic Dualist view survived in the late antiquity and into the Middle Ages in the East among Mandaeans, Yazidis and in Shiite branch of Sufism. The Gnostic Dualist view survived in the late antiquity and into the Middle Ages in the West among the Bogomils and Cathars and is still present today in modern theosophy.

(21) Jewish god Yahweh Is a personal tribal god Not an Almighty god

In monotheist Judaism God is encountered as a person, there lies a sense of some mysterious, all-encompassing reality by which man is also in some way addressed and which Jewish man or prophet may also venture to address in return. Moses wished to see god Yahweh. The god of Jews who was so strange and elusive as somehow found to be a god who talked to Moses and with whom Moses and other Jews could talk. Doctrine of Monotheism cannot explain that how in the first place, a monotheist god reality as remote and as mysterious as the monotheist god of Judaism, the wholly other, can be known at all. And secondly, how that monotheist god can be spoken of in precise and intimate way and encountered as a person. Judaism is not a monotheist religion as Yahweh is a personal god that Moses could talk and listen to. The personal god Yahweh unlike monotheist god lurks in the background, behind the Jewish creation stories, behind the patriarchal prophetic narratives, like that of Jacob at Bethel (Gen. 28) or wrestling with his strange visitor at Penuel (Gen. 32); and behind the high moments of prophesy, like Isaiah’s famous vision in the Temple (Isa. 6), and of moving religious experience in the Psalms, in the Book of Job, and with remarkable explicitness in the story of Moses at the burning bush (Ex. 3), the Jewish god Yahweh is the personal god of Hindus, totally unlike the impersonal monotheist god. The Jewish scriptures explicitly proved that either the Judaic conception of monotheism is false or Judaism is not a monotheist religion. The concept of Satan or Belian detracts Judaism from absolute monotheism.

(22) Jewish First Book of Enoch rejected Monotheism

Jews believed in god that could marry. Obviously those Jewish gods cannot be called monotheist gods. Jews believed like Hindus that gods could marry daughters of men and have children and interact with men. In the First Book of Enoch (c. 1^st Century) certain Angels are said to have fallen as a consequence of their wedding with the daughters of men. These Angels, it is held, taught mankind the malevolent arts of magic, seduction, and violence together with such elements of culture as the use of metals and writing.

(23) Jewish Manual of Discipline rejected Monotheism

Jewish scriptures accepted Hindu conception of god as personal god. Judaism believed in god as a person, similar to Hindu concept of God. The Angel of Darkness (or Spirit of Error) and the Prince of Lights (or Spirit of Truth) are two gods similar to Hindu gods. Judaism believed like Hindus that there are two types of people, Daivi mentality (children of righteousness) and Asuri mentality (children of darkness). Judaism believed like Hindus that there are two types of gods: Devas (Spirit of Truth or Prince of Light) and Asura (Angel of Darkness or Spirit of Error). Judaism has an undeniable tendency towards dualistic taught in the First Book of Enoch. There is explicit dualism in the “Manual of Discipline,” one of the Qumran texts of the Dead Sea Scrolls, and a polarity is explicitly displayed in a passage that asserts of Jewish God Yahweh that “Yahweh created man to have dominion over the world and made for him two spirits, so that he may walk by them until the time of Yahweh’s visitation. These two spirits are the Spirits of Truth and the Spirit of Error. In the dwelling of light are the origins of the Spirit of Truth, and from a spring of darkness are the origins of the Spirit of Error. In the hand of the Prince of Lights is dominion over all the children of Righteousness, and in the ways of light they walk. In the hand of the Angel of Darkness is all dominion over the Children of Error, and in the ways of darkness they walk.” The context of this passage in Qamran texts of “Manual of Discipline” is completely polytheistic. There is clear doctrine of Dualism is the two sources mentioned in the Qumran texts, the Bright Source and the Dark Source. These are clearly dualistic principles in ontological sense of the term Dualism, and represent Polarities in spiritual orientation, similar to what we find in Hindu scriptures.

(24) God Baal & Yahweh were Storm gods

Just as the early gods of the Vedas represented natural forces, so the Canaanite deities known as Baal and the Hebrew Yahweh both began as storm gods. God Baal developed into a Lord of nature presiding with his consort Goddess Astarte over the major fertility religion of the Middle East. Pantheistic Purusa triumphed in India. The theistic Yahweh triumphed in the Middle East over Baal and evolved into a Lord of history presiding first over his chosen people Jews and then over world history by implanting Jews as leaders of Christianity and Islam. The requirement that Yahweh be judge of history implied that Yahweh’s natural place was outside and above the world and Yahweh thus became the transcendent deity. This monotheist trend rejected the historical syncretistic Judaism. Prophets Hosea, Amos and Elijah wanted to introduce love and concern in Judaism, as did Jesus and Apostles. The transcendent Yahweh fitted more naturally into the categories of absoluteness. The Jews that took over early Christian Church introduced the concept of transcendent absolute god in the doctrines of Classical Theism and rejected the immanent god that Jesus and apostles preached.

(25) Faulty concept of Monotheism

The present day monotheism accepts the existence of three monotheist gods, three monotheist true scriptures and three monotheist religions, so even today they accept Trinitarian monotheism and it so happened in 2000 years. Even hardcore monotheist accepts that there are presently three monotheist religions in the world, namely, Judaism, Catholicism and Islam. Monotheism cannot explain which one of the three monotheist gods, namely Yahweh, Holy Trinity and Allah is more powerful and superior to other two. If Monotheist Yahweh, Holy Trinity or Allah could accept the other two monotheist gods as gods, then why it should not also accept other gods of Hindus, Buddhists and Zoroastrians as gods also. The doctrine of Monotheism does not rule out the possibility that there could be infinite Monotheist religions, infinite monotheist scriptures and infinite monotheist gods, such as Judaism and Islam, Yahweh and Allah, Torah and Koran, and every one of these monotheist religions could claim that their monotheist religion is the only true religion and all other monotheist religions are false and that their monotheist god is a true god and all other monotheist gods are false gods or no gods at all. Then consequently, god is regarded as the one and only creator and only god. Monotheist Religions all worship personal god that is exclusive to them, and there cannot be three personal exclusive god in Middle East and all cannot claim to be monotheist religions and their religion only could claim to be true. To win the argument of victory of monotheism the three rival monotheist religions should go to war and destroy the other two monotheist religions and the winner only could claim to be the true monotheism.

(26) Uncontested God can be a Local god

Universal monotheism implies not only faith in a single creative gold but also faith in a god who is the uncontested master of history. It is wrong to believe that Monotheism is a later development in the history of religions than polytheism. It is not the oneness of god that counts in monotheism but its uniqueness. One god of monotheism is affirmed in Monotheism as an expression of divine might and power. The weakness of monotheism cannot answer the question regarding the origin of Evil or origin of Devil in a Universe under the government of one god. Monotheist religions falsely proclaim that monotheism is a self-evident axiom. Monotheism is the belief, in the existence of one god or that God is One. For monotheism there are two basically different realities: God and the Universe. The god of Monotheism, in Judaism and Islam is a personal god. Monotheistic conviction results in the rejection of all other belief systems as false religions and this rejection partly explains the exceptionally aggressive intolerant stance of the monotheistic religions in the history of the world. Monotheism’s depiction of all other religions as idolatry has often served to justify the destructive and fanatical action of the religion considered to be only true religion. The monotheistic conception of god differs essentially only in one respect from that of other religions: in the belief that god is one and absolutely unique.

(27) Faulty Exclusive Monotheism

For exclusive monotheism only one god exists, other gods simply do not exist at all or at most they are false gods or demons. While in the Jewish Old Testament the other gods in most cases are still characterized as false gods, in later Judaism and Islam, monotheism argued that their god is on and only god and other gods are not considered to exist at all. Christianity does not believe in the Judaic and Islamic conception of god as exclusive monotheism. Judaism of Old Testament does not believe in the exclusive monotheism of later Judaism. For Islamic Monotheism Allah is the only god and Judaic Yahweh is a false god or not a god at all. For Jewish monotheism Yahweh is the only god and Islamic Allah is no god at all and at best a false god. For Christian monotheism Jewish god Yahweh as Islamic Allah are not gods at all and at best false gods. For Muslims that do not accept that Mohammed is the only prophet, and who believe that there could be other prophets there Allah is not the true god or at best a false god. For monotheist Wahhabi Islam Shiite Islam is a false religion. For monotheist Islam Judaism as well as Christianity is a false religion. For Muslim believers of Allah, the Yahweh and Holy Trinity are false gods of false religion and Jewish Old Testament and Christian Old Testament are false scriptures. Only one religion out of three supposedly Monotheist religions, namely, Judaism, Catholicism and Islam, only one monotheist religion could be called a true religion and other two rejected as false religions. Out of two monotheist religions, namely, Wahhabi Sunnism and Shiites Islam only one religion could be called True Religion and other condemned as false religion. For Jews of later Judaism the god of Old Testament is a false god. For Jews god of New Testament is a false god. For Jews Allah is a false god. Religious doctrine of exclusive monotheism fails to identify, which two religions of the three monotheist religions, namely, Judaism, Catholicism and Islam, are false religions. Religious doctrine of exclusive monotheism fails to identify, which two gods our of the three monotheist gods, namely Yahweh, Holy Trinity, are false or not true gods or not gods at all. Religious doctrine of exclusive monotheism fails to identify, which one sect out of two Islamic sects, namely Sunni Islam or Shiite Islam is a false religion. Religious doctrine of exclusive monotheism fails to identify, which two Christian sects out of three Christian sects – Orthodoxy, Roman Catholicism and Protestantism – are false religions. Religious doctrine of exclusive monotheism fails to identify, which sect of Judaism out of numerous Judaic sects is a true religion and which ones of Judaic sects are false religions. Religious doctrine of exclusive monotheism fails to identify, why Devil or Evil could take birth in a universe under management of one god. Religious doctrine of exclusive monotheism is a false doctrine as it fails to define the exact power of monotheist Devil compared to monotheist God. Religious doctrine of exclusive monotheism fails to explain why it accepts the concept of monotheist Devil as immortal divine being while it rejected all other gods. Religious doctrine of exclusive monotheism fails to explain why Islamic Holy Koran cannot undergo periodic changes as happens in other monotheist religions such as Judaism and Catholicism. The uncompromising monotheism of Islam showed itself to be vulnerable, in the doctrine of Koran as uncreated and coeval with Allah himself.

Chapter 6. Page 87 © 2006 Copyrights Author Kalki Gaur, “Da Vinci Code as Clash of Religion.”

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